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17 June, 2025

Understanding Thyroid Problems – Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Understanding Thyroid Problems – Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

The thyroid gland might be small but has a large impact on your health. Situated at the front of your neck, this butterfly-shaped gland regulates your metabolism, energy levels, and even your mood.

Thyroid problems often go undetected in India. A major study found that nearly one in ten adults has hypothyroidism, many without knowing it.

If you have been feeling tired for no reason, gaining or losing weight, or noticing changes in your skin or menstrual cycle, your thyroid might be involved. And if you have been searching for a thyroid test near me, this guide will help you understand what could be happening and what to do about it.

Why do people get thyroid problems?

The most common reason is a hormone imbalance, when the thyroid produces too little or too much hormone. This imbalance affects everything from digestion to heart rate.

When the thyroid is underactive (hypothyroidism)

Your body slows down. You may feel tired all the time, put on weight, or feel unusually cold.

Common reasons include:

  • Hashimoto’s disease (an autoimmune condition)
  • Iodine deficiency
  • Certain medications or radiation therapy
  • Postpartum thyroiditis (after pregnancy)

When the thyroid is overactive (hyperthyroidism)

Things speed up. You might lose weight without trying, feel anxious, or have difficulty sleeping.

Common causes include:

  • Graves’ disease (another autoimmune condition)
  • Excess iodine intake
  • Thyroid nodules
  • Thyroid inflammation

Autoimmune conditions are a leading cause in both cases.

What are the symptoms of thyroid problems?

Thyroid symptoms can be vague or develop gradually. Here are some signs to look out for:

  • Constant tiredness
  • Sudden weight gain or loss
  • Feeling unusually hot or cold
  • Dry skin or hair loss
  • Mood changes such as anxiety or depression
  • Irregular periods
  • Trouble concentrating or remembering

You may also notice:

  • Constipation
  • Puffy face
  • Hoarseness
  • Swelling or fullness at the front of your neck

These symptoms are often more noticeable in hypothyroidism.

Can thyroid problems cause throat pain or difficulty swallowing?

Yes. If the thyroid gland becomes enlarged or develops nodules, it may cause:

  • A sensation of pressure or tightness in the throat
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • A visible or noticeable swelling in the neck

If you notice these symptoms, speak to your doctor and get tested.

What are the different types of thyroid conditions?

Thyroid conditions typically fall into five categories:

  • Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
  • Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)
  • Goiter (enlarged thyroid gland)
  • Thyroid nodules (small lumps, often harmless)
  • Thyroid cancer (rare but requires early attention)

How is a thyroid problem diagnosed?

A thyroid function test , a simple blood test  is the most reliable method. It checks hormone levels and helps doctors identify imbalances.

Common tests include:

  • TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
  • Free T3 and Free T4
  • Anti-TPO antibodies (to detect autoimmune thyroid disorders)

Mahajan Imaging & Labs offers thyroid testing at home. A qualified technician visits your home to collect the sample. Results are quick, reliable, and shared digitally.

How are thyroid problems treated?

For hypothyroidism:

  • Daily thyroid hormone tablets
  • Regular blood tests to monitor and adjust dosage

For hyperthyroidism:

  • Anti-thyroid medications
  • Radioactive iodine therapy
  • Surgery, if needed

For goiter or nodules:

  • Regular ultrasound monitoring
  • Biopsy if growth increases
  • Surgery if nodules cause pressure or show signs of cancer

Thyroid Health at a Glance

Topic Summary
What causes thyroid problems Often due to autoimmune issues, iodine imbalance, or medication side effects
Hypothyroidism causes Hashimoto’s disease, iodine deficiency, radiation therapy
Common symptoms Fatigue, weight changes, mood shifts, hair loss, swelling
Can thyroid cause throat pain Yes, especially with goiter or nodules
Can thyroid affect swallowing Yes, due to pressure from an enlarged thyroid
Types of thyroid conditions Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter, nodules, cancer
Thyroid test near me Available with home collection via Mahajan Imaging & Labs

Book Your Thyroid Test with Mahajan Imaging & Labs

Taking care of your thyroid health is essential for your overall well-being. If you’re experiencing any symptoms or simply want peace of mind, don’t wait—early testing can make all the difference. Mahajan Imaging offers convenient home sample collection by qualified technicians across Delhi NCR. Your reports are fast, NABL-accredited and securely delivered.

Early testing helps catch thyroid issues before symptoms worsen. Book your thyroid test with Mahajan Imaging & Labs today.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the three main thyroid tests?

TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 are the core blood tests used to evaluate thyroid function.

What is TSH?

TSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. It tells your thyroid how much hormone to make.

Can I drink water before a thyroid test?

Yes. Water is safe. Avoid tea, coffee, or milk if you have been advised to fast.

Is thyroid curable?

Thyroid disorders are not usually curable, but they are highly manageable with lifelong medication and monitoring.

Do I need to test T3 and T4?

Yes. They offer a full view of thyroid hormone levels, especially when TSH results are unclear.

How do I check my thyroid at home?

Stand in front of a mirror, tilt your head back and swallow. Look at your neck for swelling. If anything looks unusual, see a doctor.

What is stage 3 thyroid?

Stage 3 typically refers to thyroid cancer that has spread. It does not apply to hypo or hyperthyroidism.

Why don’t doctors always test T3?

In many cases, TSH and T4 are enough. T3 is usually added if hyperthyroidism is suspected or TSH is abnormal.

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